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Solana SPL 程序编译

代码Clone

git clone https://github.com/solana-program/token.git
cd token
git checkout program@v3.5.0

基础环境

# 安装nvm
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/master/install.sh | bash
source ~/.bashrc

# 安装node
nvm install 20
node -v

# 安装pnpm
npm install -g pnpm

安装依赖

pnpm install

编译

cd program/
cargo build-sbf

默认编译可能出现以下错误

[2025-04-25T09:39:35.004769959Z ERROR cargo_build_sbf] Failed to obtain package metadata: `cargo metadata` exited with an error: error: current package believes it's in a workspace when it's not:
    current:   /mnt/d/github/token/program/Cargo.toml
    workspace: /mnt/d/github/token/Cargo.toml

    this may be fixable by adding `program` to the `workspace.members` array of the manifest located at: /mnt/d/github/token/Cargo.toml
    Alternatively, to keep it out of the workspace, add the package to the `workspace.exclude` array, or add an empty `[workspace]` table to the package's manifest.

解决

在 program 目录的 Cargo.toml 文件中添加空的 [workspace] 表

修改 program\Cargo.toml,在第一行增加

[workspace] // 增加此行
[package]
name = "spl-token"
version = "3.5.0"
...

执行成功后,程序编译出现在program\target\deploy\spl_token.so

RISC-V 与EVM集成的性能和可行性分析

前置总结

技术目的:以太坊网络扩容面临的几个长期瓶颈,包括稳定的数据可用性采样、确保区块生产保持竞争力,以及零知识EVM证明。在智能合约中实施RISC-V架构将保持区块生产市场的竞争力,并提高执行层零知识功能的效率。转向RISC-V将使 Ethereum 与 Solana 和Sui等更新的区块链更具竞争力

技术可行性:从《RISC-V 与以太坊虚拟机集成的性能和可行性分析》分析和测试结果应该可行

难度和风险:需要执行层的重新设计,社区大概评估整体需要数年的时间,需要大量资源,并可能出现新的漏洞,并且开发人员和项目将如何通过旧的智能控制trac移植到新系统存在问题。当涉及向后兼容性时,这可能会引起很多麻烦。基本等同于个完整的新链

现状:目前消息来看,Vitalik只是计划考虑信标链运行RISC-V,相当于技术调研初期,对于以太坊目前现状,可以主要为了造势,稳币价。对于以太坊是否真正开始投入开发支持,可能等先观望下了

RISC-V 与以太坊虚拟机集成的性能和可行性分析

https://hackmd.io/@0xdeveloperuche/Hk18BWxkxl

RISC-V与EVM相关项目:

evm

https://github.com/developeruche/riscv-evm-experiment/tree/main/crates/research-draft

img

zkevm

https://verified-zkevm.org/

https://argument.xyz/blog/riscv-good-bad/

Solana 节点服务器优化

系统初始化配置

https://docs.solanalabs.com/operations/guides/validator-start#system-tuning

sudo bash -c "cat >/etc/sysctl.d/21-agave-validator.conf <<EOF
# Increase UDP buffer sizes
net.core.rmem_default = 134217728
net.core.rmem_max = 134217728
net.core.wmem_default = 134217728
net.core.wmem_max = 134217728

# Increase memory mapped files limit
vm.max_map_count = 1000000

# Increase number of allowed open file descriptors
fs.nr_open = 1000000
EOF"
sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/21-agave-validator.conf
sudo bash -c "cat >/etc/security/limits.d/90-solana-nofiles.conf <<EOF
# Increase process file descriptor count limit
* - nofile 1000000
EOF"

私有链化部署Squads Protocol

前期调研

  • 目前v3已经停止升级,优先使用v4版本
  • Squads-Protocol 官方app.squads.so前端不开源,只开源了精简版本 squads-backup-kit
  • squads-backup-kit 前端不支持创建,只支持管理已有多签账户地址
  • 首次创建可以使用Squads CLI进行创建
  • v4程序地址:SQDS4ep65T869zMMBKyuUq6aD6EgTu8psMjkvj52pCf

squads-backup-kit

GitHub:https://github.com/Squads-Protocol/public-v4-client
在线地址:https://backup.app.squads.so/

Squads CLI 使用

https://docs.squads.so/main/development/cli/installation
https://docs.squads.so/main/development/cli/commands

创建keypair

mkdir squads-multisig
cd squads-multisig
solana-keygen new -o ./keypair-multisig.json
solana-keygen new -o ./keypair-1.json
solana-keygen new -o ./keypair-2.json
solana-keygen new -o ./keypair-3.json

生成测试账户地址

89CefQR7XpdSKsDAFMZVUu3ipqiW35BceuahoE8CiAxz
56uqkuNMGsozcYDuzKfkqUEPqDLQfXRncvoH73xHzHnt
G3YLqbreJj1spvBMajv8qgPXVzZ1WaN34LDn7ChFdAPY
Hj3KcgcuvcHRM9or6SbuLuTV8Xe5pDttKk3nQSXzP65d

分别给上面4个账户地址转1SOL,为后面演示 2/3多签测试做准备

创建多重签名

squads-multisig-cli multisig-create --rpc-url <RPC_URL> --program-id <PROGRAM_ID> --keypair <KEYPAIR_PATH> --config-authority <CONFIG_AUTHORITY> --members <MEMBER_1> <MEMBER_2> ... --threshold <THRESHOLD>

multisig-create参数

  • --rpc-url :(可选)Solana RPC 端点的 URL。如果未指定,则默认为主网。
  • --program-id :(可选)多重签名程序的 ID。如未指定,则默认为标准 ID。
  • --keypair :密钥对文件的路径。
  • --config-authority :(可选)程序配置机构的地址。
  • --members <MEMBER_...>:成员公钥列表,以空格分隔。
  • --threshold :执行多重签名交易所需的签名阈值数量。

测试创建

squads-multisig-cli multisig-create --rpc-url https://api.devnet.solana.com --program-id SQDS4ep65T869zMMBKyuUq6aD6EgTu8psMjkvj52pCf --keypair ./keypair-multisig.json --members 56uqkuNMGsozcYDuzKfkqUEPqDLQfXRncvoH73xHzHnt,7 --members G3YLqbreJj1spvBMajv8qgPXVzZ1WaN34LDn7ChFdAPY,7 --members Hj3KcgcuvcHRM9or6SbuLuTV8Xe5pDttKk3nQSXzP65d,7 --threshold 2

threshold为2,则代表 2/3通过

权限是数字,映射到以下内容:

  • 提议人 -1
  • 投票人 -2
  • 执行人 -4
  • 上述所有的 -7

或者任何权限组合(即提议者和投票者3)
例如 --members FcBpwMquaMURbYwpRFUrBrYgFwJzfWiBEGfHLbik1Wsm,7

执行命令后返回
https://solscan.io/tx/XRFQkd2HN4mFoQvKa2FUdKYr2WkETZmxAYbCkM87VjxFDBgUWCEQYEixPcodpQtu1kv8cVgu1MP5pQpcU995U9A?cluster=devnet

You're about to create a multisig, please review the details:

RPC Cluster URL:   https://api.devnet.solana.com
Program ID:        SQDS4ep65T869zMMBKyuUq6aD6EgTu8psMjkvj52pCf
Your Public Key:       89CefQR7XpdSKsDAFMZVUu3ipqiW35BceuahoE8CiAxz

Config Parameters

Config Authority:  None
Threshold:          2
Rent Collector:     None
Members amount:      3

Do you want to proceed? yes

⠒ Sending transaction...                                                                                                Transaction confirmed: XRFQkd2HN4mFoQvKa2FUdKYr2WkETZmxAYbCkM87VjxFDBgUWCEQYEixPcodpQtu1kv8cVgu1MP5pQpcU995U9A


Created Multisig: 9VrXzJ8zQ8PZQ1pBnzbfNVB8cJKneU6rdrjwUKypAybE. Signature: XRFQkd2HN4mFoQvKa2FUdKYr2WkETZmxAYbCkM87VjxFDBgUWCEQYEixPcodpQtu1kv8cVgu1MP5pQpcU995U9A

多签钱包地址为:9VrXzJ8zQ8PZQ1pBnzbfNVB8cJKneU6rdrjwUKypAybE

使用前端工具进行测试

https://backup.app.squads.so/

查看当前多签配置

https://backup.app.squads.so/#/config/

修改配置交易创建

squads-multisig-cli config-transaction-create --rpc-url <RPC_URL> --program-id <PROGRAM_ID> --keypair <KEYPAIR_PATH> --multisig-pubkey <MULTISIG_PUBLIC_KEY> --action <ACTION> [--memo <MEMO>]

添加新成员

squads-multisig-cli config-transaction-create --rpc-url https://api.devnet.solana.com --program-id SQDS4ep65T869zMMBKyuUq6aD6EgTu8psMjkvj52pCf --keypair ./keypair-multisig.json --multisig-pubkey 89CefQR7XpdSKsDAFMZVUu3ipqiW35BceuahoE8CiAxz --action "AddMember 56uqkuNMGsozcYDuzKfkqUEPqDLQfXRncvoH73xHzHnt 7" --memo "AddMember 56uqkuNMGsozcYDuzKfkqUEPqDLQfXRncvoH73xHzHnt 7"

其余修改操作参考 https://docs.squads.so/main/development/cli/commands

私有链部署

对于私有链部署,首先需要初始化程序so

solana program -u m dump SQDS4ep65T869zMMBKyuUq6aD6EgTu8psMjkvj52pCf ./roles/svm-node/files/spl/squads-protocol-v4.so
solana-genesis --upgradeable-program SQDS4ep65T869zMMBKyuUq6aD6EgTu8psMjkvj52pCf BPFLoaderUpgradeab1e11111111111111111111111 {{path}}/config/spl/squads-protocol-v4.so {{upgradeAccount}} 

链启动后,创建多签交易报错

⠂ Sending transaction...                                                                                                thread 'main' panicked at /root/.cargo/registry/src/index.crates.io-6f17d22bba15001f/squads-multisig-cli-0.1.3/src/command/multisig_create.rs:141:14:
Failed to fetch program config account: Error { request: None, kind: RpcError(ForUser("AccountNotFound: pubkey=BSTq9w3kZwNwpBXJEvTZz2G9ZTNyKBvoSeXMvwb4cNZr")) }

分析:缺少内部初始化账户

获取账户地址Data {注意需要base64格式}

curl https://api.devnet.solana.com -s -X \
  POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d ' 
  {
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "getAccountInfo",
    "params": [
      "BSTq9w3kZwNwpBXJEvTZz2G9ZTNyKBvoSeXMvwb4cNZr",
      {
        "encoding": "base64"
      }
    ]
  }
' | jq

返回

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": {
    "context": {
      "apiVersion": "2.2.3",
      "slot": 373312028
    },
    "value": {
      "data": [
        "xNJa55CVjD/y4DkJcttfEtTBz1IxzaY5194JtJU/4aL4ooeXbGx+0AAAAAAAAAAA8uA5CXLbXxLUwc9SMc2mOdfeCbSVP+Gi+KKHl2xsftAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA",
        "base64"
      ],
      "executable": false,
      "lamports": 1893120,
      "owner": "SQDS4ep65T869zMMBKyuUq6aD6EgTu8psMjkvj52pCf",
      "rentEpoch": 18446744073709551615,
      "space": 144
    }
  },
  "id": 1
}

调整初始化参数,加载预设账户地址和data

solana-genesis --primordial-accounts-file accounts.json

accounts.json

{
  "BSTq9w3kZwNwpBXJEvTZz2G9ZTNyKBvoSeXMvwb4cNZr": {
    "balance": 100000000000,
    "owner": "SQDS4ep65T869zMMBKyuUq6aD6EgTu8psMjkvj52pCf",
    "executable": false,
    "data": "xNJa55CVjD/y4DkJcttfEtTBz1IxzaY5194JtJU/4aL4ooeXbGx+0AAAAAAAAAAA8uA5CXLbXxLUwc9SMc2mOdfeCbSVP+Gi+KKHl2xsftAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA"
  }
}

再次确认私链账户地址与solana devnet data数据一致

solana account BSTq9w3kZwNwpBXJEvTZz2G9ZTNyKBvoSeXMvwb4cNZr --url https://api.devnet.solana.com

参考

https://docs.eclipse.xyz/developers/developer-tooling/squads-multisig
https://docs.squads.so/main/additional-resources/what-if-the-squads-app-goes-down
https://github.com/assetCLI/assetCLI-init/blob/feb-25/local-dev.sh